2013年11月16日星期六

中国茉莉花革命: 三中全会《决定》亮点: 废止劳教 放宽计划生育

中国茉莉花革命
原网站受到恶意攻击,暂时回归博客。第二代新网站正在建设之中。 
Book your hotel early for a discount!

You can reap the rewards with great discounts at participating Pullman, M Gallery, Grand Mercure, Novotel, Mercure, ibis and Formule 1 hotels.
From our sponsors
三中全会《决定》亮点: 废止劳教 放宽计划生育
Nov 15th 2013, 18:37, by 茉莉花义工

中国官媒新华社本周五发表了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》,除了金融改革之外,这份文件宣布了一些与民生息息相关的改革措施,其中包括放松严厉的计划生育政策和废止劳动教养制度。
The Great Hall of the People, where the Chinese Communist Party plenum is being held, is seen behinds red flags in Tiananmen square in Beijing November 12, 2013. China's leaders will unveil a reform agenda for the next decade on Tuesday, seeking to balance the need to overhaul the world's second-largest economy as it loses steam with preserving stability and to reinforce the Communist Party's power. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS)
(德国之声中文网)众人瞩目的中共十八届三中全会通过了一些突破性的改革政策。根据新华社本周五(11月15日)报道,会议公布了全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》,该文件涉及了劳教制度、计划生育政策、退休年龄政策等令人关注的话题。
废止劳教制度
劳教制度在中国国内已长期引发争议。根据该制度,警方可以不经正式司法程序,最长对当事人劳教4年。根据德新社援引人权组织的近期统计数字,中国约有20万名至40万名劳教人员。中国总理李克强在今年3月曾宣布将对劳教制进行改革。在本周五发布的这份《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》中的内容包括废止劳动教养制度。这份文件还提出,要严禁刑讯逼供、体罚虐待。并且表示,要逐步减少适用死刑罪名。有美国人权组织表示,去年中国约有3000人被执行死刑。2002年,中国处死了1.2万人。
--FILE--A Chinese inmate walks past beds in a room at a female labor camp in Jurong city, east Chinas Jiangsu province, 6 March 2008. Meng Jianzhu, who became secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Committee in November, said at a national law and order work conference that the re-education through labour, or laojiao, system would be halted after the move was rubber-stamped by the National Peoples Congress in March. The remarks were first reported by the bureau chief of the Legal Daily, the Justice Ministrys official mouthpiece, and were picked up by state media outlets. An official who attended the event confirmed Mengs comments. But state media sent mixed signals about the policy. A Xinhua report on the conference said only that authorities had pledged to reform the system, and some analysts noted that Meng spoke of halting rather than abolishing the laojiao system. pixel根据劳教制度,警方可以不经正式司法程序最长对当事人劳教4年。
除了法律方面,该文件也涉及到了另外一个民众关心的话题--从上个世纪70年代开始推行的计划生育政策。推出了"单独二胎" 政策,即一对夫妻中只要有一方是独生子女,就可以生育第二胎。
根据新浪援引《纽约时报》的一篇评论文章称,中国当局关于放松计划生育政策和废止劳教制度的政策变动,是事关中国民生的两项重要改革。不过北京理工大学的胡星斗教授指出,这次有关计划生育的调整力度不是很大,其主要受益层面是独生子女集中的城市居民:"其实过去农村大部分家庭已经有2个孩子,中国大部分省都允许农民生两胎。"胡星斗表示,从这个角度来看,这个政策影响的人群相对有限,而其中,生育政策管控较为严格的公务员群体是主要受益人。
家家可以有"二胎"?
胡星斗还分析,中国政府可能在未来几年全面放松"二胎"政策,以获得人口红利,但是很可能并不会完全放手废除计划生育政策。因为这或会导致中国人口结构的畸形化:"因为愿意生多胎的肯定是在农村。农村可能就会又像过去那样,生个5个、8个的,城市人让他生也不会生那么多。以后中国的人口就变成了仍然集中在农村,而且会使得中国人口素质越来越低。农村人的生活条件,教育条件并不那么好,如果生的多,也会拖延农村的致富。中国的人均资源比较少,人均收入也很少,所以全面放开计划生育我也是不主张的。"
This picture taken on August 5, 2013 shows a woman surnamed Dong (C) holding her newborn baby surrounded at a hospital in Fuping County, central China's Shanxi province. A baby boy allegedly sold by the doctor who delivered him in China has been reunited with his parents, state media reported on August 6, in a case highlighting the problem of child trafficking. CHINA OUT AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images)中国当局出台了"单独二胎" 政策,
《华尔街日报》报道称,这份《决定》彻底扭转了周二会议《公报》给外界带来的失望情绪。不过尽管有着一些亮点,一些政策如何执行才是真正的关键,比如劳教制度的废止令,政府并未下达实施的具体时间。

You are receiving this email because you subscribed to this feed at blogtrottr.com.

If you no longer wish to receive these emails, you can unsubscribe from this feed, or manage all your subscriptions

没有评论:

发表评论